Vietnam

State of Văn Lang (c.400-258 BC), Âu Lạc (258-207 BC), Nam Việt (204-111 BC), Linh Nam (40-43 AD), Vạn Xuân (544-602), Tĩnh Hải Quân(939-965), Đại Cồ Việt (968-1054), Đại Việt (1054-1400, 1407-1413, 1428-1804), Đại Ngu (1400-1407), Việt Nam (1804-1839), Đại Nam (1839-1954), Empire of Vietnam (1945) Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1976-present)

Country in Southeast Asia (c.400-179 BC, 204-111 BC, 544-602, 939-965, 968-1407, 1428-1883, 1976-present), Unrecognized State (40-43, 1407-1413), French Protectorate (1883-1945, 1945-1954), Japanese Puppet State (1945)

Location: Southeast Asia

Capital City: Phong Châu (400-258 BC), Cổ Loa (258-207 BC, 939-965), Panyu (204-111 BC), Mê Linh (40-43), Long Biên (544-602), Hoa Lư (968-1010), Thăng Long (1010-1397), Thanh Hóa (1397-1400), Tây Đô (1400-1407), Mô Độ (1407-1409), Bình Than(1409-1413), Đông Kinh (1428-1527, 1592-1789, 1802-1810), Tây Kinh (1543-1592), Phú Xuân (1789-1801), Bắc Thành (1801-1802), Huế (1810-1949), Hanoi (1976-present)

Government type: Monarchy (c.400-207 BC, 204-111 BC, 40-43, 544-602, 939-965, 968-1413, 1428-1533, 1789-1883), Monarchy under a military dictatorship (1533-1789), French Protectorate (1883-1945, 1945-1954), Japanese Puppet State (1945), Communist Republic (1976-present)

Main languages: Vietnamese

Main religions: Buddhism, Catholic Christianity, Cao Dai, Hoa Hao, Vitnamese Folk Religion, Confucianism

Chronology

c.400 BC: Approximate establishment of Văn Lang under the Hồng Bàng dynasty

258 BC: State of Âu Lạc founded by An Dương Vương supercedes Văn Lang

207 BC: Conquered by Qin China

204 BC: Independence as Nam Việt (also called Nanyue)

111 BC: Conquered by Han China

40-43: Rebellion of the Trưng Sisters, independence briefly restored

544: Independence under Lý Dynasty

602: Conquered by Sui China

939: Independence under Ngô Dynasty

965-968: Anarchy of the 12 Warlords, country collapses into small realms

968: Reunified by Đinh Bộ Lĩnh

980: Start of Lê Dynasty

1225: Start of Trần Dynasty

1400: Start of Hồ Dynasty

1407: Conquered by Ming China

1407-1413: State in rebellion against China by Later Trần Dynasty

1428: Independence under Lê Dynasty

1527: Lê deposed by Mạc Dynasty

1533: Lê restored, Mạc continues to rule in the far north. Lê de facto deprived of power, which rests with the Trịnh lords in the north and the Nguyễn lords in the south, Vietnam is effectivley two states, though both nominally submit to the Lê emperor

1778: Tây Sơn dynasty established in rebellion against Lê, Trịnh, and Nguyễn

1789: Tây Sơn unites Vietnam, deposing the other dynasties

1802: Start of Nguyễn Dynasty, descendants of the Nguyễn lords

1874: French vassal

1883: Comes under French protectorate, split into Annam and Tonkin

1945: Short-lived Japanese puppet state

1954: Formally split into North Vietnam and South Vietnam

1976: Reunited under North Vietnam

Currency

Văn (970-1945)

First Đồng (1976-1985)

1 Đồng = 10 Hào

Second Đồng (1985-present)

1 Đồng = 10 Hào = 100 Xu

Coins from Vietnam in the collection

Lê Dynasty (1428-1527)

•1 Văn, 1470-1497 (Emperor Lê Thánh Tông (1460-1497), copper, Toda#58)

Nguyễn Dynasty (1802-1883)

Note: Nguyễn Dynasty coins during the French period are listed under Annam

•1 Văn, Emperor Gia Long (1802-1820) (brass, Toda#219)

•1 Văn, 1822-1841 (Emperor Minh Mạng (1820-1841), brass, Toda#227)

•1 Văn, Emperor Thiệu Trị (1841-1847) (brass, Toda#229)

•1 Văn, 1848-1871 (Emperor Tự Đức (1847-1883), zinc, C#191)

Socialist Republic (1976-present)

•5 Hào, 1976 (aluminum, Berlin mint, KM#13)

•1 Đồng, 1976 (aluminum, Berlin mint, KM#14)

•1,000 Đồng, 2003 (brass-plated steel, Vantaa mint, KM#72)

•2,000 Đồng, 2003 (brass-plated steel, Vantaa mint, KM#75)

•5,000 Đồng, 2003 (copper-aluminum-nickel, Vantaa mint, KM#73)

Banknotes from Vietnam in the collection

•100 Đồng, 1991 (P#105)

•500 Đồng, 1988 (P#101)

•1,000 Đồng, 1988 (P#106)

•10,000 Đồng, 2006 (P#119)

•100,000 Đồng, 2004 (P#122)