Rwanda

Kingdom of Rwanda (1650-1961), Rwandan Republic (1961-2003), Republic of Rwanda (2003-present)

Independent Country (1650-1897, 1962-present), Part of German East Africa (1897-1922), Part of Ruanda-Urundi (1922-1962)

Location: East Africa

Capital City: Nyanza (1650-1962), Kigali (1962-present)

Government type: Absolute Monarchy (1650-1959),Constitutional Monarchy (1959-1961), Republic (1961-present)

Main languages: Kinyarwanda, French, Swahili

Main religions: Protestant Christianity, Catholic Christianity

Chronology

1650: Kingdom of Rwanda founded by King Ruganzu I (approximate date)

1884: German protectorate

1897: Part of German East Africa

1916: Belgian occupation

1922: Part of Ruanda-Urundi

1961: Gitarama coup, King Kigeli V overthrown by Hutu ultranationalists, establishing a republic

1962: Independence restored

1973: Military coup by Juvénal Habyarimana

1990-1994: Rwandan civil war

1994: Habyarimana assassinated, prompting Hutu groups to launch the Rwandan genocide, killing around 600,000 Tutsi, Twa, and Hutu moderates for four months until Rwandan opposition led by Paul Kagame deposes the government and defeats the Hutu militias.

2003: Current constitution enacted

Currency

Franc (1964-present)

1 Franc = 100 Centimes

Coins from Rwanda in the collection

•1 Franc, 1974 (aluminum, Llantrisant mint, KM#12)

•1 Franc, 1985 (aluminum, Llantrisant mint, KM#12)

•1 Franc, 2003 (aluminum, KM#22)

•2 Franc, 1970 (aluminum-magnesium, London mint, KM#10) Commemorative: FAO

•10 Franc, 1974 (cupronickel, Llantrisant mint, KM#14.1)

•10 Franc, 2003 (brass-plated steel, Llantrisant mint, KM#24)

•20 Franc, 2003 (nickel-plated steel, Llantrisant mint, KM#25)

•100 Franc, 2007 (copper-plated steel center in nickel-plated steel ring, Llantrisant mint, KM#32

Banknotes from Rwanda in the collection

•20 Franc, 1976 (P#6)