Captaincy-General of the Philippines (1565-1899), Philippine Republic (1898-1902), Military Government of the Philippine Islands (1899-1902), Insular Government of the Philippine Islands (1902-1935), Commonwealth of the Philippines (1935-1942, 1944-1946), Republic of the Philippines (1942-1945, 1946-present)
Spanish Colony (1565-1898), Unrecognized State (1898-1902), US Territory (1898-1942, 1944-1946), Japanese Puppet State (1942-1945), Independent State (1946-present)
Location: Philippine Archipelago
Capital City: Cebu City (1565-1569), Manila (1569-1949, 1976-present), Iloilo (1898-1899, Spanish), Bacoor (1898, First Republic), Malolos (1898-1899, First Republic) moving temporary capitals (1899-1902, First Republic; 1941, Commonwealth), Baguio (1945, Second Republic), Quezon City (1949-1976)
Government type: Spanish Colony (1565-1899), Provisional Government (1898-1899), US Territory (1899-1942, 1944-1946), Republic (1899-1902, 1946-present), Puppet Republic (1942-1945)
Main languages: Tagalog, English, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano
Main religions: Catholic Christianity, Sunni Islam
Chronology
1521: First claimed for Spain by Magellan
1565: Spanish colony established (subordinated to New Spain until 1821)
1762-1764: Ouccpied by Britain
1896: Start of rebellion against Spanish rule
1898: First Republic declares independence, US Occupies Philippines
1899: Spain cedes Philippines to the United States
1899-1902: Philippine-American war ends with defeat of the First Republic
1935: Self-government granted in preparation for future independence
1942-1945: Occipied by Japan, who establishes a puppet government
1946: Independence restored (Third Republic)
Currency
Real (1700-1857)
1 Real = 4 Quarto = 8 Octavo = 12 Barillo
Peso (1857-1967)
1 Peso = 100 Centavos/Centimos
Piso (1967-present)
1 Piso = 100 Sentimos
Coins from the Philippines in the collection
Spanish Colony (1565-1899))
•50 Centavo, 1868 (Queen Isabella II (1833-1868), silver (.900), Manila mint, KM#147)
Insular Government (1902-1935)
•1 Centavo, 1903 (bronze, Philadelphia mint, KM#163)
•20 Centavo, 1917 (silver (.800), San Francisco mint, KM#172)
•1 Peso, 1909 (bronze, Philadelphia mint, KM#163)
Commonwealth (1935-1946)
•1 Centavo, 1944 (brass, San Francisco mint, KM#179)
Third Republic (1946-present)
•1 Centavo, 1963 (brass, Philadelphia mint, KM#186)
•5 Centavo, 1962 (brass, London and Philadelphia mints, KM#187)
•5 Centavo, 1964 (brass, London and Philadelphia mints, KM#187)
•10 Centavo, 1960 (nickel brass, London, Philadelphia, and VDM Metals (Werdohl, Germany), KM#188)
•10 Centavo, 1964 (nickel brass, London, Philadelphia, and VDM Metals (Werdohl, Germany), KM#188)
•25 Centavo, 1966 (nickel brass, London and Philadelphia mints, KM#189.1)
•50 Centavo, 1947 (silver (.750), San Francisco mints, KM#184) Commemorative: Liberation of the Philippines and General Douglas MacArthur
•1 Sentimo, 1968 (aluminum-magnesium, Philadelphia mint, KM#196)
•1 Sentimo, 1975 (aluminum-magnesium, Franklin Mint (Wawa, PA), and Llantrisant mint, KM#205)
•5 Sentimo, 1970 (brass, Denver and San Francisco mints, KM#197)
•5 Sentimo, 1982 (brass, Quezon City mint, KM#225)
•5 Sentimo, 1995 (copper-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#268)
•5 Sentimo, 2011 (copper-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#268)
•5 Sentimo, 2018 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#298)
•10 Sentimo, 1974 (nickel brass, Denver and San Francisco mints, KM#198)
•10 Sentimo, 1979 (cupronickel, Quezon City mint, KM#226)
•10 Sentimo, 1983 (aluminum, Llantrisant and Quezon City mints, KM#240.2)
•10 Sentimo, 1997 (copper-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#270.1)
•10 Sentimo, 2009 (copper-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#270.2)
•25 Sentimo, 1967 (nickel brass, San Francisco mint, KM#199)
•25 Sentimo, 1968 (nickel brass, San Francisco mint, KM#199)
•25 Sentimo, 1976 (nickel brass, Franklin Mint (Wawa, PA), KM#208, proof)
•25 Sentimo, 1985 (brass, Llantrisant and Quezon City mints, KM#241.1)
•25 Sentimo, 2003 (brass, Quezon City mint, KM#271)
•25 Sentimo, 2009 (brass-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#271a)
•25 Sentimo, 2018 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#299)
•50 Sentimo, 1986 (cupronickel, KM#242)
•50 Sentimo, 1987 (cupronickel, KM#242)
•50 Sentimo, 1989 (cupronickel, KM#242)
•50 Sentimo, 1993 (brass, Quezon City mint, KM#242.3)
•1 Piso, 1974 (nickel brass, Denver and San Francisco mints, KM#203)
•1 Piso, 1975 (cupronickel, Denver and San Francisco mints, KM#209.1)
•1 Piso, 1980 (cupronickel, Franklin Mint (Wawa, PA) KM#209.2, proof)
•1 Piso, 1985 (cupronickel, Quezon City mint, KM#243.1)
•1 Piso, 1997 (cupronickel, Quezon City mint, KM#269)
•1 Piso, 2003 (cupronickel, Quezon City mint, KM#269)
•1 Piso, 2010 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#269a)
•1 Piso, 2012 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#269a)
•1 Piso, 2017 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#301) Commemorative: Philippine Chairmanship of ASEAN
•1 Piso, 2018 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#300)
•2 Piso, 1989 (cupronickel, Quezon City mint, KM#244)
•5 Piso, 1998 (nickel brass, Winnipeg mint, KM#272)
•5 Piso, 2003 (nickel brass, Quezon City mint, KM#272)
•5 Piso, 2013 (nickel brass, Quezon City mint, KM#286) Commemorative: Bagong Bayani Foundation
•5 Piso, 2014 (nickel brass, Quezon City mint, KM#287) Commemorative: 70th Anniversary of MacArthur's landing at Leyte Gulf
•5 Piso, 2018 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#302)
•10 Piso, 2001 (aluminum bronze center in cupronickel ring, Quezon City mint, KM#278)
•10 Piso, 2015 (nickel brass center in cupronickel ring, Quezon City mint, KM#289) Commemorative: Filipino Generals (150th Birthday of Miguel Malvar)
•10 Piso, 2018 (nickel-plated steel, Quezon City mint, KM#303)
•20 Piso, 2020 (nickel-plated steel center in bronze-plated steel ring, Quezon City mint, KM#313)
Banknotes from the Philippines in the collection
Japanese Occupation and Second Republic (1942-1945)
•1 Centavo, 1942 (P#102)
•10 Peso, 1942 (P#108)
•10 Peso, 1943 (P#111)
•100 Peso, 1944 (P#112)
Third Republic (1946-present)
•5 Centavo, 1947 (P#126)
•1 Piso, 1969 (P#142)
•5 Piso, 1981-1983 (P#160)
•5 Piso, 1990-1992 (P#168)
•10 Piso, 1981-1984 (P#161)
•20 Piso, 2012 (P#206)
•100 Piso, 2013 (P#164)
Filipino Notgeld
•25 Centavo, 1942 (P#S133) Bohol
Note: Filipino Notgeld, also called "guerilla pesos", aren't like notgeld used in other countries. These notes were made by Filipino resistance groups during Japanese occupation. The Japanese authories and the puppet government headed by Jose P. Laurel banned pre-occupation banknotes, and being caught with any could be punished with torture or execution, declaring that the Japanese administration had a monopoly on currency, in the form of heavily inflated (a box of matches could cost 100 pesos) fiat banknotes derogatorily called "Mickey Mouse money" by Filipinos. With pre-war currency scarce as a result of Japanese confiscations, the Philippines suffered a serious lack of circulating paper money, and resistance groups in different provinces and municipalities began to make crude banknotes out of whatever might be available, often scavenging paper from depots and carving printing stamps from found pieces of wood. The guerilla pesos got the approval of the Philippine Commonwealth Government in Exile, and were readily accepted for trade by Filipinos, and much preferred over the low-value Japanese issued notes. The Japanese authorities banned these banknotes just like the pre-war ones. After the war, guerilla pesos could be redeemed for regular currency.