Kingdom of Norway (872-present), State of Norway (1940-1945)
Independent Country (872-1536, 1814, 1905-present), part of Dual Monarchy with Denmark (1536-1814), part of Dual Monarchy with Sweden (1814-1905), German puppet state (1942-1945)
Location: Western Scandinavia
Capital City: Avaldsnes (872-997), Nidaros (modern Trondheim 997-1016, 1028-1067, 1150-1217), Sarpsborg (1016-1028), Bergen (1067-1123, 1217-1299), Konungahella (1123-1150), Oslo (1299-present)
Government type: Monarchy (872-1660), Absolute Monarchy (1660-1814), Constitutional Monarchy (1814-present), Fascist Puppet Republic (1942-1945)
Main languages: Norwegian, North Sami, South Sami, Lule Sami
Main religions: Protestant Christianity
Chronology
872: Norway unified by King Harald Fairhair after the Battle of Hafrsfjord
961-980: Personal Union with Denmark
1000-1003: Personal Union with Denmark
1028-1035: Personal Union with Denmark and England
1042-1047: Personal Union with Denmark
1130-1240: Intermittent civil war
1319-1364: Personal Union with Sweden
1380-1536: Personal Union with Denmark
1388-1523: Personal Union with Denmark and Sweden (Kalmar Union) with some interruptions
1536: Norway becomes part of a dual monarchy in full union with Denmark
1814: Independence briefly proclaimed with Danish prince Christian Frederick (future king Christian VIII) as king before joining a new dual monarchy with Sweden
1905: Independence restored after a referendum
1940-1945: Occupied by Nazi Germany. King Haakon VII, who went into exile, is deposed by the German collaborationists.
1942: A puppet state is established headed by Vidkun Quisling (who when the Germans first invaded, attempted a coup against the legitimate government, but failed to get backing from Germany), who assumes dictatorial powers under the German Reichskomissariat Norwegen. The Norwegian dependencies of Svalbard and Bouvet are unoccupied by Germany, and continue to be governed by the Norwegian Kingdom in exile
1944: Allies capture Finnmark, start of the liberation of Norway
1945: Kingdom fully restored with German surrender
Currency
Penning (995-1387)
Skilling (1387-1523)
1 Skilling = 3 Hvid • 1 Goldgulden = 12 Skilling
Speciedaler (1523-1746)
1 Speciedaler = 6 Marks = 96 Skilling = 144 Hvid • 1 Portugaløser = 20 Speciedaler
Rigsdaler Courant (1628-1814)
1 Rigsdaler Courant = 6 Mark Courant = 96 Skilling Courant = 1152 Penning Courant
Rigsdaler Specie (1746-1814)
1 Rigsdaler = 96 Skilling
Rigsbankdaler (1813-1816)
1 Rigsbankdaler = 120 Skilling
Speciedaler (1816-1875)
1 Speciedaler = 120 Skilling
Krone (1875-present)
1 Krone = 100 Øre
Coins from Norway in the collection
Union with Denmark (1536-1814)
•2 Skilling, 1810 (King Frederik VI (1808-1814), copper, Kongsberg mint, KM#280)
•8 Skilling, 1779 (King Christian VII (1766-1808), silver (.562), Kongsberg mint, KM#257)
•24 Skilling, 1757 (King Frederik V (1746-1766), silver (.562), Kongsberg mint, KM#236)
Union with Sweden (1814-1905)
•1/2 Skilling, 1841 (King Karl III (1818-1844), copper, Kongsberg mint, KM#305)
•1/2 Skilling, 1867 (King Karl IV (1859-1872), copper, Kongsberg mint, KM#329)
•1 Skilling, 1820 (King Karl III (1818-1844), copper, Kongsberg mint, KM#286)
•2 Øre, 1897 (King Oscar II (1872-1905), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#353)
•5 Øre, 1902 (King Oscar II (1872-1905), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#349)
•10 Øre, 1890 (King Oscar II (1872-1905), billon, Kongsberg mint, KM#350)
•10 Øre, 1899 (King Oscar II (1872-1905), billon, Kongsberg mint, KM#350)
•1 Krone, 1879 (King Oscar II (1872-1905), silver (.800), Kongsberg mint, KM#357)
Restored Kingdom (pre-occupation) (1905-1940)
•1 Øre, 1906 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#361)
•1 Øre, 1919 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), iron, Kongsberg mint, KM#367a)
•1 Øre, 1937 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#367a)
•2 Øre, 1907 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#362)
•2 Øre, 1910 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#371)
•2 Øre, 1913 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#371)
•10 Øre, 1926 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#383)
•10 Øre, 1939 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#383)
•25 Øre, 1940 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#384)
•1 Krone, 1925 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#385)
•2 Krone, 1910 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), silver (.800), Kongsberg mint, KM#370)
German Occupation and Quisling Regime (1940-1945)
•5 Øre, 1941 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#368)
•5 Øre, 1943 (iron, Kongsberg mint, KM#388)
•10 Øre, 1941 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#383)
•10 Øre, 1942 (zinc, Kongsberg mint, KM#389)
•50 Øre, 1941 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#386)
Note: even though Haakon was de facto deposed in occupied Norway in 1940, coins bearing his monogram and motto continued to be made into 1941 until new dies for the occupation regime's coins, without royal symbols, could be made. I've chosen to count these 1941 issues as part of Haakon's total, since though he de facto didn't rule in occupied Norway, he did still remain in power in the unoccupied dependencies of Svalbard, Jan Mayen, Bouvet, and Peter I Island through the London-based Norwegian government in exile, and as such, was still a reigning monarch in at least some parts of Norway. It's a bit confusing, given these coins, which are the same as pre-occupation coins, were made and used in the occupied parts of the country, but counting it like this makes it simpler for me to catalogue the coins.
Restored Kingdom (post-occupation) (1945-present)
•1 Øre, 1961 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#403)
•2 Øre, 1956 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#399)
•2 Øre, 1959 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#410)
•2 Øre, 1970 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#410)
•5 Øre, 1952 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#400)
•5 Øre, 1955 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#400)
•5 Øre, 1970 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#405)
•5 Øre, 1975 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#415)
•5 Øre, 1982 (King Olav V (1957-1991), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#415)
•10 Øre, 1946 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#383)
•10 Øre, 1949 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#383)
•10 Øre, 1956 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#396)
•10 Øre, 1957 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#396)
•10 Øre, 1960 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#411)
•10 Øre, 1962 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#411)
•10 Øre, 1964 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#411)
•10 Øre, 1965 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#411)
•10 Øre, 1982 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#416)
•10 Øre, 1991 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#416)
•25 Øre, 1961 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#407)
•50 Øre, 1955 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#402)
•50 Øre, 1969 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#408)
•50 Øre, 1972 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#408)
•50 Øre, 1984 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#418)
•50 Øre, 1996 (King Harald V (1991-present), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#460)
•50 Øre, 2001 (King Harald V (1991-present), bronze, Kongsberg mint, KM#460)
•1 Krone, 1951 (King Haakon VII (1905-1957), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#385)
•1 Krone, 1967 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#409)
•1 Krone, 1978 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#419)
•1 Krone, 1997 (King Harald V (1991-present), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#462)
•5 Krone, 1964 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#412)
•5 Krone, 1965 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#412)
•5 Krone, 1975 (King Olav V (1957-1991), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#421) Commemorative: 100th Anniversary of the Norwegian Krone
•5 Krone, 1998 (King Harald V (1991-present), cupronickel, Kongsberg mint, KM#463)
•10 Krone, 1990 (King Olav V (1957-1991), nickel silver, Kongsberg mint, KM#427)
•10 Krone, 1995 (King Harald V (1991-present), nickel brass, Kongsberg mint, KM#457)
•10 Krone, 2008 (King Harald V (1991-present), nickel brass, Kongsberg mint, KM#482) Commemorative: 200th Birthday of Henrik Wergeland
•20 Krone, 1999 (King Harald V (1991-present), nickel brass, Kongsberg mint, KM#464) Commemorative: 700th Anniversary of Akershus
Banknotes from Norway in the collection
German Occupation and Quisling Regime (1940-1945)
10 Krone, 1942 (P#8)
Restored Kingdom (post-occupation) (1945-present)
•10 Krone, 1970 (King Olav V (1957-1991), P#31)
•10 Krone, 1982 (King Olav V (1957-1991), P#36)