Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro (1516-1768, 1773-1852), Tsardom of Montenegro (1768-1773), Principality of Montenegro (1852-1910), Kingdom of Montenegro (1910-1918, 1941), Montenegro (2006-present)
Country in the Balkans (1516-1918, 1941, 2006-present)
Location: Southwest Balkans
Capital City: Cetinje (1516-1918, 1941), Podgorica (2006-present)
Government type: Elective Theocratic Monarchy (1516-1702), Hereditary Theocratic Monarchy (1702-1768, 1773-1852), Absolute Monarchy (1768-1773) Constitutional Monarchy (1852-1918), Provisional Government (1941), Republic (2006-present)
Main languages: Serbo-Croatian, Albanian
Main religions: Orthodox Christianity
Chronology
1516: Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro independent from the Ottoman Empire
1691-1702: Occupied by Ottomans
1768-1773: Šćepan Mali a man of unknown origins, reigns as Tsar of Montenegro as a result of a claim he was the late Russian emperor Pyotr III, sidelining Prince-Bishop Sava Petrović.
1852: Danilo I proclaims himself prince and ends the prince-bishopric, renouncing his religious position
1878: Ottomans regonize Montenegrin independence
1910: Prince Nikola elevated to king
1916-1918: Occupied by Austria-Hungary
1918: Annexed by Serbia
1941-1943: Occupied by Italy
1941: Montenegrins declare independence, defeated by Italy after 12 days, who implements military rule
1943-1944: Occupied by Germany
1944: Reunited with Yugoslavia
2006: Independence restored after a referendum
Currency
Perper (1906-1918)
1 Perper = 100 Pare
Note: Montenegro currently uses the Euro unilaterally (meaning there are no unique Montenegrin Euro coins), and used the Duetsche Mark from 1999 to 2002 after dropping the Yugoslav Dinar. There was talk of reintroducing the Perper in the late 20th century as Montenegro's ties to the remnants of Yugoslavia loosened, but the proposal never went through. In the coin listings, Nikola I is given two different sets of reign years, depending on what title he used.
Coins from Montenegro in the collection
Principality (1852-1910)
•2 Para, 1906 (Prince Nikola I (1860-1910), bronze, KM#2)
•10 Para, 1906 (Prince Nikola I (1860-1910), nickel, Vienna mint, KM#3)
•20 Para, 1906 (Prince Nikola I (1860-1910), nickel, Vienna mint, KM#4)
Kingdom (1910-1918)
•1 Perper, 1912 (King Nikola I (1910-1918), silver (.835), KM#14)
•2 Perper, 1914 (King Nikola I (1910-1918), silver (.835), KM#20)
Banknotes from Montenegro in the collection
Kingdom (1910-1918)
•1 Perper, 1914 (King Nikola I (1910-1918), P#15)
•10 Perper, 1914 (King Nikola I (1910-1918), P#18)