Principality of Monaco
Independent Principality (1297-1301, 1331-1357, 1395, 1397-1402, 1419-1793, 1814-present)
Location: Côte d'Azur
Capital City: Monaco
Government type: Absolute Monarchy (1297-1301, 1331-1357, 1395, 1397-1402, 1419-1793, 1814-1910), Semi-constitutional Monarchy (1910-present)
Main languages: French, Ligurian
Main religions: Catholic Christianity
Chronology
1297: Rock of Monaco captured by Francesco and Rainier Grimaldi as part of the Guelph-Ghibillene conflict, establishing the independent principality for the first time
1301-1331: Annexed by Genoa
1357-1395: Annexed by Genoa
1395: Independence restored for 11 months
1395-1397: Annexed by Genoa
1402-1419: Annexed by Genoa
1428-1436: Occupied by Milan
1498-1524: Protectorate of France
1524-1641: Protectorate of Spain
1641-1789: Protectorate of France
1792-1793: Occupied by France
1793: Annexed by France
1814: Independence restored
1817-1860: Protectorate of Sardinia
1860-2002: Protectorate of France
1942-1943: Occupied by Italy
1943-1944: Occupied by Germany
Currency
Livre (1640-1793)
1 Livre = 4 Luigino = 20 Sols/Gros = 30 Dardenna = 40 Cavallo = 80 Liard = 120 Patacchi = 240 Denier • 1 Pezzetta = 3 Sols • 1 Tallero/Izelotte = 2.5 Livre • 1 Ecu/Scudo = 3 Livres • 1 Pistole/Doppia = 10 Livres
First Franc (1837-1960)
1 Franc = 10 Decimes = 100 Centimes
Second Franc (1960-2002)
1 Franc =100 Centimes
Euro (1999-present)
1 Euro =100 Euro Cents
Coins from Monaco in the collection
•1 Decime, 1838 (Prince Honoré V (1819-1841), bronze, Monaco mint, KM#97.11)
•1 Franc, 1924 (Prince Louis II (1922-1949), copper-aluminum, Société Française de Monnayage (Poissy), KM#111)
•2 Franc, 1943 (Prince Louis II (1922-1949), aluminum, Paris mint, KM#121)
•50 Franc, 1950 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), copper-aluminum, Paris mint, KM#132)
•100 Franc, 1956 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), coupronickel, Paris mint, KM#134)
•20 Centime, 1962 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), copper-aluminum, Paris mint, KM#143)
•20 Centime, 1982 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), copper-aluminum, Paris mint, KM#143)
•1 Franc, 1979 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), nickel, Paris mint, KM#140)
•5 Franc, 1960 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), silver (.835), Paris mint, KM#141)
•5 Franc, 1982 (Prince Rainier III (1949-2005), coupronickel, Paris mint, KM#150)