State of Manchukuo (1932-1934), Empire of Manchukuo (1934-1945)
Unrecognized Puppet State of Japan (1932-1945)
Location: Manchuria
Capital City: Hsinking (1932-1945), Tonghua (1945)
Government type: Republic under a Military Dictatorship (1932-1934), Constitutional Monarchy under a Military Dictatorship (1934-1945)
Main languages: Japanese, Mandarin, Manchu, Korean, Kyowa-Go
Main religions: Buddhism, Shintoism, Daoism, Confucianism, Manchu Shamanism
Note: Manchukuo was only recognized by 17 countries, all of them members of the Axis except for Spain and El Salvador (until 1943). The USSR and Vatican City gave unofficial de facto recognition.
Chronology
1932: The Northeastern provinces of China, occupied by Japan since 1931, are declared independent and a puppet state is established.
1934: Manchukuo is named an Empire and Puyi, the last Qing Emperor of China, is installed as Emperor Kangde, but holds no actual power as the military is in full control
1945: Invaded by the USSR and dissolved after Japan's surrender at the end of WWII
Currency
Yuan (1933-1945)
1 Yuan = 10 Jiao = 100 Fen = 1000 Li
Coins from Manchukuo in the collection
•1 Fen, 1936 (Emperor Kangde (1934-1945), bronze, Y#6)
•1 Fen, 1945 (Emperor Kangde (1934-1945), unknown fibrous material, Y#13a)
•5 Fen, 1941 (Emperor Kangde (1934-1945), aluminum, Y#11)
•5 Fen, 1944 (Emperor Kangde (1934-1945), unknown fibrous material, Y#A13a)
•1 Jiao, 1939 (Emperor Kangde (1934-1945), aluminum, Y#11)
Note: Due to metal shortages in the last years of WWII, Manchukuo 1 and 5 fen coins were made with a reddish-brown material described as a fiber. No one knows what exactly this substance is, but clay, cardboard, rubber, and magnesium carbonate are all brought up as possible ingredients in the mix.