Luxembourg

County of Luxembourg (963-1354), Duchy of Luxembourg (1354-1795), Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (1839-1940, 1944-present)

State of the Holy Roman Empire (963-1795), State of the Burgundian Netherlands (1443-1482), State of the Spanish Netherlands (1482-1714), State of the Austrian Netherlands (1714-1790, 1790-1795), Independent state (1839-1940, 1944-present)

Location: Low Countries

Capital City: Luxembourg

Government type: Feudal Monarchy (963-1443), Burgundian Territory (1443-1482), Spanish Territory (1482-1714), Austrian Territory 1714-1790, 1790-1795), Constitutional Monarchy (1839-1940, 1944-present)

Main languages: Luxembourgish, Dutch, French, German, Walloon, Flemish

Main religions: Catholic Christianity

Chronology

963: County of Luxembourg created from Lower Lorraine (also known as County of the Ardenne until 1063)

1310-1378: Personal union with Bohemia

1354: County raised to Duchy

1443: Acquired by Burgundy

1482: Acquired by Spain

1542-1544: Occupied by France

1701-1713: Occupied by France

1712-1713: Given by France to the exiled Elector of Bavaria

1790: Part of the United Belgian States

1795: Annexed by France

1815: Made a province of the Netherlands, but keeps the title of Duchy

1830-1839: Part of Belgium

1839: Independence established by Treaty of London as a Grand Duchy in personal union with the Netherlands

1890: End of Dutch personal union, former Duke of Nassau takes the throne

1914-1918: Occupied by Germany

1940-1944: Annexed by Germany

Currency

Livre (963-1353)

1 Livre = 10 Plaque = 20 Gros/Sou = 60 Sterling = 240 Deniers = 480 Obol

Florin (1353-1713)

1 Florin = 20 Patards = 40 Gros = 80 Liards = 160 Gigots = 960 Mites • 1 Escalin = 6 Patards

Sol (1713-1795)

1 Sol = 80 Liard

Franc (1854-2002)

1 Franc = 100 Centimes

Euro (1999-present)

1 Euro = 100 Euro Cents

Coins from Luxembourg in the collection

Duchy (1354-1795)

•1/2 Liard, 1789 (Duke Joseph II (1780-1790), copper, Brussels mint, KM#10)

Grand Duchy (1839-1940, 1944-present)

•5 Centime, 1901 (Grand Duke Adolphe (1890-1905), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#24)

•5 Centime, 1908 (Grand Duke William IV (1905-1912), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#26)

•10 Centime, 1870 (Grand Duke William III (1849-1890), bronze, Utrecht mint, KM#23)

•25 Centime, 1927 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#37)

•25 Centime, 1947 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), bronze, Brussels mint, KM#45)

•25 Centime, 1963 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), aluminum-magnesium, Brussels mint, KM#45a)

•1 Franc, 1953 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#46.3)

•1 Franc, 1964 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#46.3)

•1 Franc, 1970 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#55)

•5 Franc, 1929 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), silver (.625), Brussels mint, KM#38)

•5 Franc, 1949 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#50)

•5 Franc, 1976 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), cupronickel, Brussels mint, KM#56)

•5 Franc, 1989 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), copper-aluminum-nickel, KM#65)

•20 Franc, 1981 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), copper-aluminum-nickel, Brussels mint, KM#58)

•20 Franc, 1990 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), copper-aluminum-nickel, KM#67)

•50 Franc, 1988 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), nickel, KM#62)

•100 Franc, 1963 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), silver (.835), Brussels mint, KM#52) Commemorative: 1000th Anniversary of Luxembourg's founding

•1 Euro Cent, 2002 (Grand Duke Henri (2000-2025), copper-plated steel, Utrecht mint, KM#75)

•5 Euro Cent, 2010 (Grand Duke Henri (2000-2025), copper-plated steel, Utrecht mint, KM#77)

•10 Euro Cent, 2002 (Grand Duke Henri (2000-2025), nordic gold, Utrecht mint, KM#78)

•20 Euro Cent, 2023 (Grand Duke Henri (2000-2025), nordic gold, Utrecht mint, KM#90)

•2 Euro, 2022 (Grand Duke Henri (2000-2025), nickel brass-plated nickel center in cupronickel ring, Utrecht mint, KM#184) Commemorative: 50th Anniversary of Luxembourg's Flag Law (formal establishment of the national flag's colors and proportions)

Banknotes from Luxembourg in the collection

Grand Duchy (1839-1940, 1944-present)

•5 Franc, 1944 (Grand Duchess Charlotte (1919-1964), P#43)

•20 Franc, 1966 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), P#54)

•50 Franc, 1972 (Grand Duke Jean (1964-2000), P#55)