Duchy of Livonia (1561-1629), Kingdom of Livonia (1570-1578), Dominion of Livonia (1629-1713)
Duchy within the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1561-1629), Client State of Russia (1570-1578), Dominion of Sweden (1629-1721)
Location: Baltic Region
Capital City: Viljandi (1561-1582), Riga (1582-1721)
Government type: Elective Monarchy (1561-1629), Monarchy (1570-1578), Swedish Territory (1629-1713)
Main languages: Latvian, Estonian, Russian, Lithuanian, Swedish
Main religions: Protestant Christianity, Catholic Christianity, Orthodox Christianity
Chronology
1561: Duchy of Livonia established by Poland-Lithuania in the aftermath of the fall of Terra Mariana
1570-1578: Russia establishes a client kingdom in opposition to the Polish-Lithuanian duchy
1629: Poland-lithuania cedes Livonia to Sweden
1710: Occuiped by Russia
1713: Annexed by Russia
1721: Sweden formally cedes Livonia to Russia
Currency
Mark (1570-1573)
1 Mark = 4 Ferding = 36 Schilling • 4.5 Mark = 1 Thaler
First Thaler (1581-1629)
1 Thaler = 36 Grossus = 72 Polker = 108 Schilling = 648 Denarius • 4⅔ Thaler = 1 Ducat
Second Thaler (1629-1710)
1 Thaler = 48 Schilling/Solidus = 72 Polker
Coins from Livonia in the collection
Swedish Dominion (1629-1713)
•1 Solidus, King Gustav II Adolf (1621-1632), (billon, Riga mint, KM#9) off-center error
•1 Solidus, 1641, (Queen Christina (1632-1654), billon, Riga mint, KM#21)