Japan

Japan (c.270-1868, 1947-present), Empire of Japan (1868-1947)

Country in East Asia

Location: Japanese Archipelago

Capital City: Rotating Capitals with each Emperor (c. 270-794), Heian (794-1180, Ashikaga Shoguns 1336–1573), Fukuhara (1180), Kamakura (Kamakura Shoguns 1192–1333), Kyoto (1180-1868), Yoshino (Southern Court 1336–1392) Tokyo (Tokugawa Shoguns, as Edo, 1603–1868, National Capital 1868-present)

Government type: Absolute Monarchy (c.270-1185, 1333-1336, 1868-1889), Shogunate (1185-1333, 1336–1868), Constiutional Monarchy (1889-1936, 1945-present), Constiutional Monarchy under Military Rule (1936-1945)

Main languages: Japanese

Main religions: Shintoism, Buddhism

Chronology

660 BC: Traditonal legendary date for the founding of Japan

c. 270: Reign of Emperor Ōjin, first emperor generally agreed to be historical

1192: Kamakura Shogunate established by Minamoto clan. Emperor still reigns in theory, Shoguns hold all actual power

1199: Hojo Clan, as Shikken (regent for Shogun), effectively usurp Shogun's authority

1333: Emperor Kenmu overthrows Kamakura Shogunate and restores Imperial authority

1336-1392: Nanboku-Cho (Northern and Southern Courts), Japan split into two rival Imperial governments

1336: Ashikaga clan establishes new Shogunate

1454-1568: Sengoku Jidai (Warring States Period), Central Authority breaks down, Japan split between clan territories, but both the Emperor and Shogun keep their nominal positions

1573: Oda Nobunaga deposes last Ashikaga Shogun and becomes de facto head of the country

1603: Tokugawa clan establishes new Shogunate

1633-1863: Shogunate implements Sakoku isolationist policy

1573: Oda Nobunaga deposes last Ashikaga Shogun and becomes de facto head of the country

1868: Boshin War and Meiji Restoration: Emperor Meiji deposes the Tokugawa Shogunate and restores imperial power

1877: Satsuma Rebellion: Samurai revolt against Meiji government

1936: February 26 Incident leads to military domination of Japanese government

1945-1952: Allied occupation after WWII

Currency

Mon (863-1891)

1000 Mon = 1 Kan

Ōban (1588-1874)

Ryō (1595-1874)

1 Ryō = 4 Bu = 16 Shu

Yen (1871-present)

1 Yen = 100 Sen = 1000 Rin

Coins from Japan in the collection

Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1868)

•1 Mon, 1668-1683 (Emperor Reigen (1663-1687), copper, C#1.2)

•4 Mon, 1769-1788 (copper, C#4.2)

•100 Mon, 1835-1870 (bronze, C#7)

•1 Shu, 1853-1865 (Emperor Kōmei (1846-1867), silver (.968), Ginza Mint (Edo/Tokyo), C#12)

•1 Bu, 1837-1854 (silver (.991), C#16)

Empire (1868-1947)

•2 Bu, 1868-1869 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), gold-silver, Ginza Mint (Edo/Tokyo), C#21d)

•1 Rin, 1884 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#15)

•5 Rin, 1918 (Emperor Taishō (1912-1926), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#41)

•1 Sen, 1882 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), copper, Osaka mint, Y#17)

•1 Sen, 1914 (Emperor Taishō (1912-1926), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#35)

•1 Sen, 1918 (Emperor Taishō (1912-1926), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#42)

•1 Sen, 1934 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#47)

•1 Sen, 1935 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#47)

•1 Sen, 1938 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#47)

•1 Sen, 1938 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#55)

•1 Sen, 1941 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Y#59) Rotated die error

•2 Sen, 1877 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), bronze, Osaka mint, Y#18)

•5 Sen, 1892 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), cupronickel, Osaka mint, Y#19)

•5 Sen, 1934 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), nickel, Osaka mint, Y#53)

•5 Sen, 1944 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), tin-zinc, Y#63)

•10 Sen, 1870 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), silver (.800), Osaka mint, Y#2)

•10 Sen, 1909 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), silver (.720), Osaka mint, Y#29)

•10 Sen, 1936 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), nickel, Osaka mint, Y#54)

•10 Sen, 1938 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum bronze, Osaka mint, Y#58)

•10 Sen, 1941 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Y#61)

•10 Sen, 1946 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Y#68)

•50 Sen, 1907 (Emperor Meiji (1867-1912), silver (.800), Y#31)

•50 Sen, 1936 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.720), Y#50)

Post-Empire (1947-present)

•50 Sen, 1948 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Y#69)

•1 Yen, 1950 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Y#70)

•1 Yen, 1962 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1963 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1965 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1973 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1974 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1979 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1983 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1988 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#74)

•1 Yen, 1998 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#95)

•1 Yen, 2007 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), aluminum, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#95)

•5 Yen, 1948 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#71)

•5 Yen, 1971 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#72a)

•5 Yen, 1973 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#72a)

•5 Yen, 1977 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#72a)

•5 Yen, 1980 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), brass, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#72a)

•10 Yen, 1952 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73)

•10 Yen, 1959 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1968 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1970 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1973 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1977 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1978 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1978 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1980 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1981 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1988 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#73a)

•10 Yen, 1996 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#97)

•10 Yen, 1997 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#97)

•10 Yen, 2002 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#97)

•10 Yen, 2003 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), bronze, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#97)

•50 Yen, 1996 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), cupronickel, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#101)

•100 Yen, 1957 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.600), Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#77)

•100 Yen, 1958 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.600), Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#77)

•100 Yen, 1959 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.600), Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#78)

•100 Yen, 1964 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.600), Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#79) Comemmorative: 1964 Tokyo Olympics

•100 Yen, 1970 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), cupronickel, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#83) Commemorative: 1970 Osaka Expo

•100 Yen, 1973 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), cupronickel, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#82)

•100 Yen, 1975 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), cupronickel, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#85) Commemorative: 1975 Okinawa Expo

•100 Yen, 1976 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), cupronickel, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#86) Commemorative: Golden Jubilee of Emperor Shōwa

•500 Yen, 2011 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), cupronickel center in nickel brass ring, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#177) Commemorative: 47 Prefectures of Japan (Shiga)

•500 Yen, 2011 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), cupronickel center in nickel brass ring, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#179) Commemorative: 47 Prefectures of Japan (Iwate)

•500 Yen, 2011 (Emperor Heisei (1989-2019), cupronickel center in nickel brass ring, Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#181) Commemorative: 47 Prefectures of Japan (Akita)

•1000 Yen, 1964 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), silver (.925), Osaka and Hiroshima mints, Y#80) Comemmorative: 1964 Tokyo Olympics

Banknotes from Japan in the collection

Empire (1868-1947)

•10 Sen, 1947 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#84)

•50 Sen, 1938 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#58)

•50 Sen, 1945 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#60)

•1 Yen, 1916 (Emperor Taishō (1912-1926), P#30)

•1 Yen, 1946 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#85)

•10 Yen, 1946 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#87)

Post-Empire (1947-present)

•100 Yen, 1953-1974 (Emperor Shōwa (1926-1989), P#90)

•500 Yen, 1969-1994 (P#95)