Ireland

Lordship of Ireland (1170-1541), Kingdom of Ireland (1541-1642, 1660-1801), Irish Confederation (1642-1649), Irish Free State (1922-1937), Republic of Ireland (1937-present)

Country in Western Europe

Location: Ireland

Capital City: Dublin, Kilkenny (1642-1649, Confederate Government)

Government type: Feudal Monarchy (1170-1541), Centralized Monarchy (1541-1649, 1660-1689), Constitutional Monarchy (1642-1649, 1689-1801, 1922-1937), Republic (1937-present)

Main languages: English, Irish

Main religions: Catholic Christianity

Chronology

1170: Lordship of Ireland established when English knights capture Dublin from the Norse

1175: Ruaidhrí Ó Conchubhair, the last High King of Gaelic Ireland, recognizes the Lordship's authority

1315-1500: Gaelic kingdoms reduce the Lordship to the area around Dublin (the Pale)

1316-1318: Partially occupied by Scotland

1541: Lordship made a Kingdom as part of Henry VIII's break from the Catholic Church (as the Lordship was a fiefdom granted by the Papacy)

1542-1603: Tudor campaign unites Ireland under the authority of the Kingdom, defeating the remaining Gaelic kingdoms and lordships

1642-1649: Irish Catholic Confederation at Kilkenny in opposition to the Kingdom of Ireland but still loyal to the crown

1649: Parliamentarians, who had recently taken power in England, invade Ireland and defeat both the Confederates and Royalists, annexing Ireland into the English Commonwealth

1660: Kingdom of Ireland restored with the end of the Commonwealth regime

1720-1782: Subordinated to Great Britain

1801: Ireland united with Great Britain

1916: Easter Rising rebellion for independence

1919-1922: Irish War of Independence

1921: Ireland partitioned into North and South to create two self-governing territories

1922: Southern Ireland independent as the Irish Free State

1937: Free state superceded by Republic

Currency

First Pound (1205-1416)

1 Pound = 20 Shillings = 240 Pence = 960 Farthing

Second Pound (1416-1826)

1 Pound = 20 Shillings = 240 Pence = 960 Farthing

Third Pound (1928-1971)

1 Pound/Punt = 20 Shillings/Scilling = 240 Pence/Pingin = 960 Farthing/Feoirling

Fourth Pound (1971-2002)

1 Pound/Punt = 100 Pence/Pingin

Euro (1999-present)

1 Euro = 100 Euro Cents

Note: In addition to Punt, Scilling, Pingin, and Feoirling, there's also a unqiue Irish word for a sixpence coin, Reul,along with threepence being called a half-reul or Leath reul, as well as Flóirín (Florin) for a two shilling coin and Choróin (Crown) for five shillings, making a Leath choróin worth 2.5 shillings.

Coins from Ireland in the collection

Restored Kingdom (1660-1801)

•1 Farthing, 1806 (King George III (1760-1820), copper, Soho Mint (Handsworth), KM#146)

•1/2 Penny, 1694 (King William III and Queen Mary II (1688-1694), copper, KM#109)

•1/2 Penny, 1769 (King George III (1760-1820), copper, KM#137)

•1/2 Penny, 1805 (King George III (1760-1820), copper, Soho Mint (Handsworth), KM#147)

•30 Penny, May 1690 (King James II (1685-1690), brass, KM#95) Jacobite rebel "Gun Money"

Within the United Kingdom (1801-1922)

•1 Penny, 1822 (King George IV (1820-1830), copper, London mint, KM#151)

Free State (1922-1937)

•1/2 Penny, 1928 (King George V (1910-1936), bronze, London mint, KM#2)

•1/2 Penny, 1935 (King George V (1910-1936), bronze, London mint, KM#2)

•1 Penny, 1928 (King George V (1910-1936), bronze, London mint, KM#3)

•1 Penny, 1935 (King George V (1910-1936), bronze, London mint, KM#3)

•1 Penny, 1937 (King George VI (1936-1937), bronze, London mint, KM#3)

•3 Penny, 1928 (King George V (1910-1936), nickel, London mint, KM#4)

Republic (1937-present)

•1 Farthing, 1959 (bronze, London mint, KM#9)

•1/2 Penny, 1941 (bronze, London mint, KM#10)

•1/2 Penny, 1943 (bronze, London mint, KM#10)

•1 Penny, 1940 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1941 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1942 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1946 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1948 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1949 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1950 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1952 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1962 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1964 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1965 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1966 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•1 Penny, 1968 (bronze, London mint, KM#11)

•6 Penny, 1939 (nickel, London mint, KM#13)

•6 Penny, 1952 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1955 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1956 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1960 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1961 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1962 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•6 Penny, 1967 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#13a)

•1 Shilling, 1951 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Shilling, 1954 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Shilling, 1955 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Shilling, 1959 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Shilling, 1966 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Shilling, 1968 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#14a)

•1 Florin, 1951 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1 Florin, 1954 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1 Florin, 1955 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1 Florin, 1959 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1 Florin, 1964 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1 Florin, 1966 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#15a)

•1/2 Crown, 1955 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#16a)

•1/2 Crown, 1961 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#16a)

•1/2 Crown, 1962 (cupronickel, London mint, KM#16a)

•10 Shilling, 1966 (silver (.833), London mint, KM#18) Commemorative: 50th Anniversary of Easter Rising

•1/2 Penny, 1971 (bronze, Llantrisant mint, KM#19)

•1 Penny, 1978 (bronze, Dublin mint, KM#20)

•1 Penny, 1988 (copper-plated steel, Dublin mint, KM#20a)

•1 Penny, 1996 (copper-plated steel, Dublin mint, KM#20a)

•2 Penny, 1971 (bronze, Llantrisant mint, KM#21)

•2 Penny, 1980 (bronze, Dublin mint, KM#21)

•2 Penny, 1988 (bronze, Dublin mint, KM#21)

•2 Penny, 1990 (copper-plated steel, Dublin mint, KM#21a)

•2 Penny, 1992 (copper-plated steel, Dublin mint, KM#21a)

•5 Penny, 1974 (cupronickel, Llantrisant mint, KM#22)

•5 Penny, 1992 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#28)

•5 Penny, 1993 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#28)

•5 Penny, 1996 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#28)

•10 Penny, 1978 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#23)

•10 Penny, 1993 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#29)

•20 Penny, 1986 (nickel brass, Dublin mint, KM#25)

•20 Penny, 1996 (nickel brass, Dublin mint, KM#25)

•50 Penny, 1970 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#24)

•50 Penny, 1975 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#24)

•50 Penny, 1988 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#26) Commemorative: 1000th Anniversary of the Founding of Dublin

•1 Pound, 1990 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#27)

•1 Pound, 1996 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#27)

•1 Pound, 1998 (cupronickel, Dublin mint, KM#27)

•1 Euro Cent, 2002 (copper-plated steel, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#32)

•1 Euro Cent, 2004 (copper-plated steel, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#32)

•1 Euro Cent, 2006 (copper-plated steel, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#32)

•2 Euro Cent, 2003 (copper-plated steel, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#33)

•5 Euro Cent, 2005 (copper-plated steel, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#34)

•20 Euro Cent, 2005 (nordic gold, Dublin mint, KM#36)

•20 Euro Cent, 2006 (nordic gold, Dublin mint, KM#36)

•50 Euro Cent, 2002 (nordic gold, Dublin mint, KM#37)

•50 Euro Cent, 2003 (nordic gold, Dublin mint, KM#37)

•2 Euro, 2007 (nickel brass-plated nickel center in cupronickel ring, Dublin, Llantrisant, Paris, Utrecht, Vantaa, and Vienna mints, KM#51)

•2 Euro, 2016 (nickel brass-plated nickel center in cupronickel ring, Dublin mint, KM#88) Commemorative: 100th Anniversary of Easter Rising

Banknotes from Ireland in the collection

Republic (1937-present)

•1 Pound, 1989 (P#70)