Golden Horde

Ulug Ulus (1225-1466), Ulug Orda (1466-1502)

Mongol Khanate (1260-1502)

Location: Eastern Europe, Siberia, Central Asia

Capital City: Sarai

Government type: Semi-Elective Monarchy

Main languages: Mongolian, Kipchak Turkic, Russian

Main religions: Tengrism, Nestorian Christianity, Orthodox Christianity, Sunni Islam, Mahayana Buddhism

Chronology

1260: De facto breakup of the Mongol Empire, Ulus of Jochi controls northwestern part of the Empire

1359-1381: "Great Troubles", instability and intermittent civil war

1396: Severely weakened by Timurid invasion

1466: Remnants of the Khanate after several other states break off becomes the "Great Horde"

1480: Great Stand on the Ugra River ends the Khanate's overlordship of the Russian principalities

1502: Moldavian-Crimean alliance destroys the Great Horde

Currency

Dinar (1227-1502)

1 Dinar = 16 Pul • Dirham/Yarmaq = 7/10 Dinar

Coins from the Golden Horde in the collection

•1 Yarmaq, 1291 (Khan Toqtu (1291-1312), silver, Staryï Krym mint, Islamic#2023.4)