Cambodia

Khmer Empire (802-1431), Kingdom of Cambodia (1431-1970, 1993-present), Khmer Republic (1970-1975), Democratic Kampuchea (1975-1979), People's Republic of Kampuchea (1979-1989), State of Cambodia (1989-1992), United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (1992-1993)

Independent Country (802-1840, 1844-1863, 1953-present), French Protectorate (1863-1887 1949-1953), Part of French Indochina (1887-1945, 1945-1949), Japanese puppet state (1945)

Location: Southeast Asia

Capital City: Mahendraparvata (802-835), Hariharalaya (835-889), Angkor (889-928, 944-1431), Koh Ker (928-944), Basan (1431-1434, 1594-1602), Chaktomuk (1434-1516), Pursat (1516-1529), Longvek (1529-1594), Koh Slakaet (1602-1608), Lvea Em (1608-1620), Oudong (1620-1866), Phnom Penh (1866-present)

Government type: Absolute Monarchy (802-1600), Elective Absolute Monarchy (1600-1947), Elective Constitutional Monarchy (1947-1970, 1993-present), Republic under a Military Dictatorship (1970-1975), Communist Republic (1975-1991), Republic (1991-1992), Transitional Government under United Nations Administration (1992-1993)

Main languages: Khmer

Main religions: Theravada Buddhism

Chronology

802: Khmer Empire founded, succeeding the previous state of Water Chenla

1177-1181: Occupied by Champa

1353-1357: Occupied by Siam

1369-1375: Occupied by Siam

1431: Angkor sacked by Siam, Empire falls

1431-1597: Siamese vassal

1593-1595: Occupied by Siam

1603-1622: Siamese vassal

1710-1720: Vietnamese vassal

1720-1834: Siamese vassal

1834-1844: Vietnamese vassal

1846-1863: Vietnamese vassal

1863: French protectorate

1887: Constituent of French Indochina

1941-1945: Occupied by Japan

1945: Brief Japanese puppet state established before end of WWII and return to French control

1953: Independence restored

1967-1975: Cambodian civil war

1970: Military overthrows monarchy, establishes republic

1975: Khmer Rouge siezes control of country

1979-1989: Occupied by Vietnam

1979: Vietnam deposes Khmer Rouge, Installs more moderate government

1979-1991: Khmer Rouge wages insurgency against Vietnam-backed government

1991: Paris Peace Agreement ends civil war, Communist government stands down

1992: United Nations assumes governance of Cambodian Transitional Government

1993: Monarchy restored

Currency

Unit (802-1431)

Tical (1431-1880)

1 Tical = 4 Salong = 8 Fuang = 32 Pe = 64 Att

Franc (1860-1953)

1 Franc = 100 Centimes

First Riel (1953-1975)

1 Riel = 100 Sen

Democratic Kampuchea Riel (1975)

1 Riel = 10 Kak

Second Riel (1979-present)

1 Riel = 10 Kak = 100 Sen

Note: The name of the currency between 802-1431 has been lost, so it's just referred to as "Unit". The Khmer Rouge abolished currency when they came to power, but some banknotes were printed in 1975. It's not known why they were made, one theory is they were printed in China, who assumed the Khmer Rouge would use them. They never circulated to my knowledge, and for the period of Khmer Rouge control, Cambodia effectively had no currency at all.

Coins from Cambodia in the collection

Post-Imperial Kingdom (1431-1863)

•2 Pe, 1847 (King Ang Duong (1841-1860), billon, KM#11)

•1 Fuang, 1847 (King Ang Duong (1841-1860), billon, Battambang mint, KM#27)

Khmer Republic (1970-1975)

•1 Riel, 1970 (cupronickel, Llantrisant mint, KM#59) Commemorative: FAO, Unreleased until 1983

People's Republic of Cambodia (1979-1989)

•5 Sen, 1979 (magnesium-plated aluminum, Leningrad mint, KM#69)

Restored Kingdom (1993-present)

•50 Riel, 1994 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), steel, Paris mint, KM#92)

•100 Riel, 1994 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), steel, Paris mint, KM#93)

•200 Riel, 1994 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), steel, Paris mint, KM#94)

•500 Riel, 1994 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), steel center in brass ring, Paris mint, KM#95)

Banknotes from Cambodia in the collection

Post-Protectorate Kingdom (1953-1970)

•20 Riel, 1963 (Queen Sisowath Kossamak (1960-1970), P#5)

Khmer Republic (1970-1975)

•1 Riel, 1972 (P#4)

•50 Riel, 1972 (P#7)

•1,000 Riel, 1972-1973 (P#17)

People's Republic of Cambodia (1979-1989)

•1 Kak, 1979 (P#25)

•5 Kak, 1979 (P#27)

State of Cambodia (1989-1992)

•50 Riel, 1992 (P#35)

Restored Kingdom (1993-present)

•100 Riel, 2001 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), P#53)

•100 Riel, 2014 (King Norodom Sihamoni (2004-present), P#65)

•200 Riel, 1995 (King Norodom Sihanouk (1993-2004), P#42)

•500 Riel, 2014 (King Norodom Sihamoni (2004-present), P#66)

•1,000 Riel, 2007 (King Norodom Sihamoni (2004-present), P#58)