Byzantine Empire

Empire of the Romans

Empire in the Eastern Mediterranean (395-1204, 1261-1453)

Location: Balkans, Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus

Capital City: Constantinople

Government type: Absolute Monarchy

Main languages: Greek, Aramaic, Coptic

Main religions: Nicene Christianity

Note: The Byzantine Empire and Eastern Roman Empire are the same country, but I've chosen to count them separately, using the 476 fall of the Western Roman Empire as the dividing line.

Chronology

395: Roman Empire divided into East and West

1204: Constantinople sacked by Crusaders, Empire exiled to Nicaea

1261: Empire retsored with recapture of Constantinople

1374-1395: Ottoman tributary

1424-1453: Ottoman tributary

1453: Ottomans capture Constantinople

Currency

First Solidus (498-720)

1 Solidus = 2 Semissis = 3 Tremissis = 12 Hexagram = 288 Follis = 1,152 Decanummi = 2,304 Pentanummi = 7,200 Nummus

Second Solidus (720-1092)

1 Solidus = 4 Tetartera = 12 Miliaresia = 288 Follis

First Hyperpyron (1092-1300)

1 Hyperpyron = 3 Trachy Nomisma = 48 Trachy Stamena = 864 Tetartera

Second Hyperpyron (1300-1367)

1 Hyperpyron = 12 Basilica = 96 Tournesia = 384 Aspra Trachy = 768 Assaria

Third Hyperpyron (1367-1453)

1 Hyperpyron = 2 Stavrata = 16 Doucatopoula = 192 Tournesia = 576 Follari

Coins from the Byzantine Empire in the collection

•20 Nummus, 554-555 (Emperor Justinian I (527-565), copper, Antioch mint, BCV#231)

•40 Nummus, 582-584 (Emperor Maurice (582-602), copper, Constantinople mint, BCV#492)

•40 Nummus, 630 (Emperor Heraclius (610-641), copper, Constantinople mint, BCV#810)

•1 Follis, Emperor Michael IV (1034-1041) (copper, Constantinople mint, BCV#1825)