Brazil

State of Brazil (1530-1714), Viceroyalty of Brazil (1714-1815), Kingdom of Brazil (1815-1822), Empire of Brazil (1822-1889), Republic of the United States of Brazil (1889-1967), Federative Republic of Brazil (1967-present)

Portuguese Colony (1530-1815), Kingdom in union with Portugal (1815-1822), Independent country (1822-present)

Location: South America

Capital City: Porto Seguro (1530-1534), São Salvador (1534-1624, 1625-1763), Olinda (1624-1625), Rio de Janeiro (1763-1960), Brasilia (1960-present)

Government type: Portuguese Colony (1530-1814), Absolute Monarchy (1815-1822), Constitutional Monarchy (1822-1889), Republic (1889-present)

Main languages: Portuguese

Main religions: Catholic Christianity, Protestant Christianity

Chronology

1530: Portuguese establish colony of Brazil

1815: Raised to the status of a kingdom equal to Portugal

1822-1825: Brazilian war of Independence

1822: Empire of Brazil independent from Portugal

1825: Portugal recognizes Brazilian independence

1889: Emperor deposed in coup, Republic proclaimed

Currency

First Real (1654-1942)

First Cruzeiro (1942-1967)

1 Cruzeiro = 100 Centavos

Cruzeiro Novo (1967-1986)

1 Cruzeiro = 100 Centavos

Cruzado (1986-1989)

1 Cruzado = 100 Centavos

Cruzado Novo (1989-1990)

1 Cruzado = 100 Centavos

Second Cruzeiro (1990-1993)

1 Cruzeiro = 100 Centavos

Cruzeiro Real (1993-1994)

1 Cruzeiro = 100 Centavos

Second Real (1994-present)

1 Real = 100 Centavos

Coins from Brazil in the collection

Portuguese Colony (1530-1815)

•10 Reis, 1814 (Regent João for Maria I (1799-1816), copper, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#232)

Empire (1822-1889)

•10 Reis, 1869 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), bronze, Brussels mint, KM#473)

•20 Reis, 1829 (Emperor Pedro I (1822-1831), copper, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#360)

•20 Reis, 1835 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), copper, Goiás mint, KM#439) counterstamped on 1828 80 Reis KM#337

•20 Reis, 1869 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), bronze, Brussels mint, KM#474)

•40 Reis, 1835 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), copper, Bahia mint, KM#444.2) counterstamped on 1831 80 Reis KM#366

•50 Reis, 1887 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#482)

•100 Reis, 1882 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#477)

•100 Reis, 1887 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#483)

•200 Reis, 1868 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), silver (.835), Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#471)

•500 Reis, 1868 (Emperor Pedro II (1831-1889), silver (.835), Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#472)

Republic (1889-present))

•100 Reis, 1893 (cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#492)

•100 Reis, 1901 (cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#503)

•100 Reis, 1938 (cupronickel, KM#544)

•200 Reis, 1925 (cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#519)

•400 Reis, 1937 (cupronickel, KM#539)

•500 Reis, 1922 (aluminum bronze, KM#521) Commemorative: 100th Anniversary of Independence

•1,000 Reis, 1913 (silver (.900), Berlin mint, KM#513)

•1,000 Reis, 1927 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#535)

•1,000 Reis, 1938 (aluminum bronze, KM#541)

•2,000 Reis, 1939 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#551)

•50 Centavos, 1949 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#557a)

•50 Centavos, 1956 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#566)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1949 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#558)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1956 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#567)

•2 Cruzeiro, 1944 (aluminum bronze, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#559)

•5 Centavos, 1969 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#577.2)

•5 Centavos, 1975 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#587.1) Commemorative: FAO

•10 Centavos, 1967 (cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#578)

•10 Centavos, 1975 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#578.1a)

•10 Centavos, 1977 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#578.1a)

•20 Centavos, 1970 (cupronickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#579)

•50 Centavos, 1976 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#580b)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1972 (nickel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#582) Commemorative: 150th Anniversary of Independence

•1 Cruzeiro, 1979 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#590)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1982 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#590)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1984 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#590)

•10 Cruzeiro, 1980 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#592)

•20 Cruzeiro, 1985 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#593)

•50 Cruzeiro, 1983 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#594.1)

•100 Cruzeiro, 1986 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#595)

•500 Cruzeiro, 1985 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#597)

•10 Centavos, 1986 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#602)

•50 Centavos, 1986 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#604)

•1 Cruzado, 1986 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#605)

•1 Cruzado, 1987 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#605)

•5 Cruzado, 1986 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#606)

•5 Cruzado, 1987 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#606)

•10 Cruzado, 1987 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#607)

•5 Centavos, 1989 (stainless steel, KM#612)

•10 Cruzeiro, 1990 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#619.1)

•100 Cruzeiro, 1993 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#623)

•10 Cruzeiro Real, 1993 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#628)

•5 Centavos, 2007 (copper-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#648)

•5 Centavos, 2009 (copper-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#648)

•10 Centavos, 1994 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#633)

•10 Centavos, 1995 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#633)

•10 Centavos, 1998 (bronze-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#649)

•10 Centavos, 2003 (bronze-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#649)

•10 Centavos, 2008 (bronze-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#649)

•25 Centavos, 1995 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#634)

•25 Centavos, 2003 (bronze-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#650)

•25 Centavos, 2008 (bronze-plated steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#650)

•50 Centavos, 1994 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#635)

•50 Centavos, 2008 (stainless steel, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#651a)

•1 Real, 2008 (stainless steel center in bronze-plated steel ring, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#652a)

•1 Real, 2013 (stainless steel center in bronze-plated steel ring, Rio de Janeiro mint, KM#652a)

banknotes from Brazil in the collection

Republic (1889-present))

•5 Cruzeiro, 1964 (P#176)

•10 Cruzeiro, 1953 (P#159)

•1 Cruzeiro, 1980 (P#191A)

•10 Cruzeiro, 1974 (P#193)

•200 Cruzeiro, 1984 (P#199)

•50 Cruzado, 1986 (P#210)

•50 Cruzeiro, 1990 (P#223) Overprint on 1989-1990 50 Cruzados P#219